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TFTP is a very simple protocol; simple enough to be implemented in small boot loaders. The basic idea is as follows:

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Tags “TFTP Server” Posts. 2015-05-06 Enabling TFTP Server on Mac OS X Yosemite TFTP Server Mac OS X. Video learning.This video will show you how to install tftp server on Mac OS.Download link: line:https://wrmem.net/.

Bootloader prepares startup of firmware code
For a few seconds it initializes the wired lan ports
- This doesn't happen instantly but a short time during startup/boot
- The network settings are not always the same as OpenWrt's defaults
It listens to TFTP requests for transferring a flash image
1. It receives an image to flash and flashes it
2. or continues booting the device normally if the TFTP communication timed out
  - If not valid behavior varies based on bootloader. Some wait for a flash via tftp while others just show an error diag light and wait for a reboot.
  - See Bootloader functionality for more details about the bootloader

You must determine whether your hardware's bootloader has a TFTP client or server. Consult your specific model's OpenWrt Wiki devicepage for details on necessary settings and the TFTP type offered if any.

This documentation will use example IP addresses according to RFC5737. Please consult your model's wiki documentation for actual IP addresses specific to your device.

Cleanup IP addresses as 192.168.1.x is common, but not universal. Use of RFC5737 might be more appropriate or just italic ipv4.x.y.z indicators.

Bootloader contains TFTP client

Then you must run a TFTP server. Detailed instructions are given on the Setting up a TFTP server for TFTP Recovery/Install wiki page.

Mikrotik RouterBoards

RouterBoards have a TFTP and DHCP clients running in their RouterBoot bootloader.See : Common Procedures for Mikrotik RouterBoard for details.

Bash script to set static IP address, run DHCP server and run TFTP server (exemple for Mikrotik).

Note: Don't forget to change USER, IFNAME, IP/DHCPIP-range and file name/folder path for your needs.

Example1

For example the bootloader implementation of the DIR-300redboot contains a TFTP client. Two steps:

first you install and start a TFTP server (or daemon) on your host and place the image(s) to be flashed in the <root directory> of this software (you may be required to do this as root). Example:
connect to the bootloader, and tell it to get the images on your harddisk via its TFTP client (in case of the DIR-300 you obtain a connection via telnet on the non-default port 9000). Example:
after successful installation of OpenWrt, do not forget to deactivate the TFTP server again!

Example2

In case of the xxx Step 3 from Example 1 above is not applicable. There is no console to login to, the bootloader will automatically try to get a firmware over TFTP from a pre-configured IP address at every boot.

TODO

tftpd server on Mac OS X Lion

Note: TftpServer.app places a pleasing GUI on top of the native OSX tftpd. There's a writeup of using TftpServer.app at tftpserver. If you prefer to use the command-line, read on…

OS X Lion comes with a tftpd but its disabled by default. Like most services in OS X, tftpd is controlled by launchctl.The configuration with which the daemon is lauched is in /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist and the the identifier is com.apple.tftpd

before you make changes to the config run:

then:

to stop tftpd run:

to start tftpd run:

Here is an example config file that will work:

Differences from the default include removing this, to enable the service:

Add this to the ProgramArguments array to make it log to /var/log/syslog.log

Place the openwrt image file you want to serve in:

Notice that even after running launchctl start com.apple.tftpd you will not see tftpd running when executing ps aux | grep tftpd because of the way launchctl works. tftpd is in fact not running but launchctl will launch it as soon as it is required.

In some cases, when the output on the serial console is grabbled you can still act on faith and executer the following commands, which will work in most cases:

setenv serverip 192.168.1.100

tftpd on MacOS 10.4 'Tiger'

tftpd works out-of-the-box also on the old 10.4. Maybe the tftp dir is not yet created but this is just a mkdir. Get a root shell and issue these commands:

Bootloader contains TFTP server

The basic procedure of using a tftp client to upload a new firmware to your router:

Plug the Ethernet connection from your computer (acting as tftp client) into a LAN port on your model. See your model's OpenWrt wiki devicepage for details on which port to use
Give it the router's address (specific to model and bootloader, see your model's wiki page)
Tell the client to resend the file until it succeeds
Plug-in your router while having the tftp client running and constantly probing for a connection
The tftp client will receive an ack from the bootloader and starts sending the firmware

Tips

Please be patient, the reflashing occurs after the firmware has been transferred. In most cases the router will automatically reboot itself. Some models do not reboot so wait at least 15 minutes before power cycling them.
Note that the bootloader usually does not use the IP address or MAC address stored in nvram, it will revert to a bootloader default instead. See your model's wiki documentation for specifics.
Put a hub or switch between the router and the computer, this will make sure that the local computer link is up before the boot_wait period is passed. This is a requirement to make TFTP work on computers where the local link is brought up too late and is usually simpler than trying to force the link to stay up instead.
On routers with a DMZ LED, OpenWrt will light the DMZ LED while booting, after the bootup scripts are finished it will turn off the DMZ LED.

The TFTP commands vary across different implementations. Here are some examples:

Linux/BSD

The network link must be up and established during power up. One way to ensure this happens is to use a switch or hub inbetween your computer and the device you are flashing as this will leave the link established when you power off the device.

Another option is to disable network manager in Linux (or use a distro/LiveCD that doesn't have it). Some commands that may disable it (depends on the distribution of Linux used):

/etc/init.d/network stop
service networking stop
service NetworkManager stop

Preparation Steps

Tftp Server Mac Os

Configure a static IP to match your *bootloaders* network
- See your device model's OpenWrt wiki devicepage for specific settings
Sometimes it helps to have a preconfigured arp entry to increase your changes of catching the tftp window
- - Check your device model's OpenWrt wiki devicepage for correct IP and MAC addresses

Using atftp

Using netkit's tftp

As a single command-line:

Step by step:

Setting “rexmt 1”

Tftp Server For Mac Yosemite